CIRCULATION STUDIO FIELD GUIDE
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Interventions
Every drug, maneuver, device and electrical intervention.
Furosemide
Find Furosemide in Fluids & diuresis. Furosemide inhibits the Na-K-2Cl transporter in the thick ascending limb, producing natriuresis and diuresis.
Handgrip
Find Handgrip in Maneuvers. Isometric effort raises systemic vascular resistance and sympathetic drive. Increased afterload can enlarge fixed MR/AR or left-to-right VSD flow; dynamic LVOT obstruction usually decreases. MVP click timing and fixed MR intensity need not move together.
Impella 2.5
Find Impella 2.5 in Mechanical support. Continuous LV-to-aorta flow unloads the LV; systemic flow includes native ejection and pump support.
Impella 5.0
Find Impella 5.0 in Mechanical support. Continuous LV-to-aorta flow unloads the LV; systemic flow includes native ejection and pump support.
Impella CP
Find Impella CP in Mechanical support. Continuous LV-to-aorta flow unloads the LV; systemic flow includes native ejection and pump support.
Inhaled nitric oxide
Find Inhaled nitric oxide in Pulmonary vasodilators. Inhaled NO activates soluble guanylate cyclase in ventilated lung vessels. Rapid hemoglobin binding limits systemic vasodilation.
Intra-aortic balloon pump
Find Intra-aortic balloon pump in Mechanical support. Diastolic balloon inflation augments aortic pressure; presystolic deflation reduces LV load.
Isoproterenol
Find Isoproterenol in Rate & rhythm. β₁/β₂ agonist increases automaticity and contractility, with peripheral vasodilation and lower diastolic pressure.
IV epoprostenol
Find IV epoprostenol in Pulmonary vasodilators. Prostacyclin receptor activation raises cAMP, dilates pulmonary/systemic vessels and inhibits platelet aggregation.
IV fluids
Find IV fluids in Fluids & diuresis. Crystalloid expands extracellular volume; its benefit depends on preload responsiveness and fluid tolerance.
Ketamine
Find Ketamine in Sedation. NMDA antagonism produces dissociative anesthesia and analgesia. Sympathetic stimulation commonly raises HR/BP; depleted sympathetic reserve may expose myocardial depression.
Lidocaine · IV
Find Lidocaine · IV in Rate & rhythm. Class IB sodium-channel blockade acts preferentially in depolarized ventricular tissue. Hepatic clearance falls with low hepatic flow.
Metoprolol
Find Metoprolol in Rate & rhythm. β₁ blockade reduces HR, AV conduction and contractility.
Midazolam
Find Midazolam in Sedation. Benzodiazepine potentiation of GABA produces sedation and amnesia without analgesia. Vascular tone and ventilation can fall, particularly with opioids.
Milrinone
Find Milrinone in Inotropes. PDE-3 inhibition increases cAMP: positive inotropy plus systemic and pulmonary vasodilation. Renally cleared.